May 29th, 2010 | 
Author: Â
A survey conducted by the India office of the international non-governmental organisation, Transparency International, reveals that, according to peopleâ??s actual experiences, the health service is the most corrupt service sector in India. It ranks India as one of the 30 most corrupt countries in the world. Indifferent treatment of patients, unofficial payments to providers, lack of patient privacy, and inadequate provision of medicines and supplies are some of the most common demerits and malpractices prevailing in the health services in India.
The survey, conducted with private marketing research company ORG-Marg Research, interviewed some 5000 citizens in a household survey to assess the publicâ??s perception of corruption. It covered 10 sectors with a direct bearing on peopleâ??s lives, including education, health, the police, the judiciary, and power utilities.
Too high medicinal cost accompanied by doctorâ??s consultation fees has made the proper medical treatment to become out of the reach of Indian common man, especially in the rural areas where neither licensed medical stores nor qualified doctors are available and malpractices of the Primary Health Centres, available generally in rural towns only, are well known and are practically forfeiting the veritable purpose of PHCâ??s there. As a result thereof, not only the market of non-qualitative and banned drugs and medicines is flourishing day by day, but the unqualified doctors also are emerging fast and plundering the poor mass. On account of insufficient availability of generic medicines (patent based medicines which are cheaply produced by another process) the patients are compelled to purchase high priced branded medicines.
An analysis of drug market in India by the â??World Health Organisationâ?? (WHO) also reveals that Indian pharmaceutical companies are charging very high prices of medicines from patients. In India, the pharmaceutical companies are earning profits even up to ten times or more of the production cost in case of both branded and unbranded medicines. Not only is this, but the companies, by printing high retail price, are letting the sellers too to earn abnormal profits. Like the ratio between production cost and whole sale price, in many cases the retail price also is ten times or more of the whole sale price. The anti-allergic tablet named as â??Citrazineâ?? of â??Cipla Pharmaceuticalsâ?? is an example. High retail prices of patented and generic medicines are making the general mass to resort to unauthentic and duplicate medicines produced by unlicensed pharmaceutical units. That is why the influence of unauthentic, unlicensed and duplicate medicine producing units in Indian drug market is day by day increasing whereby the people are being badly hit on account of low effectiveness and severe side-effects of the medicines produced by these companies. Many times the doctors too, having been affected by the commission based and gift based sale strategies of the companies producing duplicate medicines, prescribe these medicines without paying heed to the compositions and the bad effects on health on account of the use of these medicines. In some cases the sellers (chemists) let aside the prescription of doctor and sell these medicines especially to the illiterate or docile customers. Not only is this, but the manufacturing companies of these medicines also establish their links even to the government medicine purchasing authorities and seek supply orders. Not only the substandard medicines but even those harmful medicines are being produced and sold in bulks in the Indian market which stand banned at international level. Â
Medicines are very precious for human life and have become at present a good part of trade. Therefore, the government should take strong and effective steps to make the qualitative and cheap medicines easily available to the people. The government also should take proper measures against malpractices prevailing in the market of medicines and should instil awareness of medicine consumers against these malpractices. Such organisations should be encouraged which manufacture medicines according to the international standards but at low cost so as to make cheap medicines available in the market. The â??Low Cost Standard Therapeutics (LOCOST)â?? trust at Baroda is a good example of such an organisation. This trust is making cheap production in 90 formulations of about 60 necessary medicines to cater the need of poor and needy patients. Moreover, The launching of the â??public use medicines easy availability programmeâ?? by the Department of Pharmaceuticals of the central government through 100 public stores of generic drugs, planned to be opened up to December 2009, is worth appreciation.
To solve the problems like that of substandard medicines, harmful and banned medicines and unjustified profit margin a central drugs regulatory system has now become acutely and pressingly needed. The issue of permission as regards to the trading of imported medicines also will be settled by such regulatory system.
The government is encouraging and helping the establishment of small pharmaceutical units. Similar cooperation should be extended to the market extension of their products. The condition of minimum turnover should be relaxed in case of small units. In the present period of prevailing depression the small and medium pharmaceutical industries should be helped through stimulus package to protect them in big market. This type of measures will protect the poor and general medical consumers against their being plundered through high prices by providing them cheap medicines. Moreover, it will help making India a medicine hub.
Studies have shown that health care utilisation has been a long standing concern for most of the developing countries and is sensitive to user perceptions of quality. Patient perceptions of health services thence form an important part of health care quality assessment. Â Therefore, ways and means should be found out to give potentiality to important elements of making the health system adequately effective to make health services fully responsive to peopleâ??s needs and expectations.
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Health and Wellness;
There are many different ways to achieve better health and wellness. First, there is your physical body health such as heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, or old age. The list is too large to cover in one article. In some cases, health diseases can be treated with medication, a nutritional diet plan or some sort of physical exercise, maybe even all three. However, there are alternatives to better health such as the way the mind is thinking. If a mind is thinking, only negative and depressed thoughts than the body is subject to react in much the same way.
This is where the wellness comes in to play. A mind that has positive, happy and balanced thoughts is more likely to have better health. So the question is how do we get from sad, depressed and negative thinking to positive, happy and balanced thinking?
Well there many different ways to achieve a healthier mind. Many people have used hypnosis too improve their self-confidence .Hypnosis can be used to change the way you see yourself. It can make you feel better by changing your negative thoughts to positive and happier thoughts. Hypnosis can help you improve your confidence levels, increase memory, and even help you to sleep better at night. Hypnosis has been used to help people with their education skills by training the mind to stay focused on goals.
However, there are other ways to achieve the balance and peace of the mind.
One technique is through stress management, which will teach how to relax and calm yourself in a designed manner. Relaxation can be achieved through breathing exercises, yoga, or physical therapy training. Another form of stress management would be the use of meditation. Meditation can be extremely effective when used on a regular basis. Many people fear the use of meditation by thinking it is related to the dark cultures. However, the truth is that meditation is used all over the world by virtually every culture and with great results. Meditation is nothing more than deep relaxation, used to calm the mind, relax the body and aid people with their thought patterns. Some say that meditation has brought them closer to their spiritual beliefs.
The powers of the mind. This is technique can be very successful if self-discipline and patience is used. The mind is a great tool, which used correctly can create or even alter your life style patterns. Naturally, the negative thought patterns will certainly bring poor and depressed life styles. On the other hand, someone who has trained there mind to think positive thoughts will most assuredly have a better and positive life.
Then there is Biofeedback; this technique uses various instruments to observe the body and the way it moves with certain conditions, it is generally used in combination with relaxation and meditation.
Their are many ways for you to learn how to relax and improve your moods. However, just remember this one little rule and you could be well on your way to a happier and healthier you. Be Persistent with the technique you chose and Practice, Practice, Practice.
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If your family history includes coronary heart disease, you are wise to look at ways to reduce your risk for heart disease. Coronary heart disease although affected by genetic makeup, is also related to your lifestyle.
Think of the more common risk factors for coronary heart disease:
* Cigarette smoking – a lifestyle choice
* Elevated cholesterol – in part, a lifestyle choice
* High blood pressure – affected by life choices
* Obesity – resulting from lifestyle choices
* Prolonged periods of inactivity – a lifestyle choice
You probably know that changes to your lifestyle can readily reduce the risk for heart disease. Such changes do not require a physician’s help, although you will want to seek your physician’s advice. Nor do actions to reduce the risks of heart disease require participation in a program.
A report in the “American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine” for March/April 2007; 1(2): 79-90 called for practical steps doctors could take to help you change your lifestyle. That report states that most individuals who change lifestyle do it without any program, and gives these examples:
* “…more than 90% of individuals who have stopped smoking have done this without a formal smoking cessation program.”
* “The majority of individuals who lose weight also do this on their own.”
You can make lifestyle changes that will reduce heart disease risks.
Reduce Heart Disease Risks with These Steps
You can reduce the risk for heart disease by making a few changes in your current lifestyle.
1. Chocolate First
Can eating chocolate reduce the risk for heart disease? You have heard reports of it on television. You may have heard it discussed at the office. Is it true?
In 1996, University of California-Davis researcher Andrew Waterhouse found that chocolate contains phenols, chemicals that might reduce heart disease risks. Waterhouse wrote about his findings in the British medical journal Lancet, telling how he had used laboratory experiments to measure the amount of phenols in such products as baker’s chocolate, cocoa powder, and milk chocolate. He found that it took less than 2 ounces of milk chocolate to provide the same amount of phenols as a 5-ounce glass of red wine, which was already known for reducing heart disease risks. He reasoned that not only can eating chocolate reduce the risk for heart disease, but that more research would show that it actually does.
In 2003, Dirk Taubert, MD, PhD, and his colleagues at the University of Cologne, Germany published a further report on chocolate in the Aug. 27 issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association. Dark chocolate, they found, lowers high blood pressure and reduces that risk associated with heart disease. They had done clinical research to show the effects in humans. Milk chocolate and white chocolate did not have this effect. Milk, whether blended into the chocolate or used to wash down the chocolate, diluted the effect.
Why dark chocolate? The answer is the phenols that Waterhouse discovered in chocolate back in 1996. Cocoa phenols are known to lower blood pressure.
In addition, phenols lower the risk of heart disease by keeping fat-like substances from oxidizing in the bloodstream and clogging the arteries.
So can eating chocolate reduce the risk for heart disease?
It can reduce some risks – if it is dark chocolate – the darker the better – and is not washed down with milk. European made chocolates appear to be better than American made, since they contain more cocoa phenols.
2. Smoking
Another lifestyle change that can reduce the risk of heart disease is to stop smoking. Those who say they can’t stop smoking have not been determined or committed enough. As quoted above from the American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, ” more than 90% of individuals who have stopped smoking have done this without a formal smoking cessation program.”
If you are serious about reducing heart disease risks, stop smoking.
3. Obesity
Overweight sounds nicer than obesity, but whichever way you look at it in the mirror, it is a lifestyle change you can make to reduce heart disease risks. You don’t need to join one of the many programs advertised on television, or ask your doctor for prescription medication. You need to change your way of eating and get exercise.
4. Exercise
While the industrial age, followed by the information age, brought us many benefits, they also took away the benefits of farm work. A great number of us have developed a sedentary lifestyle that increases heart disease risks. To reverse that, and reduce the risks of heart disease, we need to follow a regular exercise program.
5. Cholesterol
Your genetic makeup may predispose you to higher levels of cholesterol. To reduce this risk of heart disease, you can change your diet to one of the many that reduce cholesterol intake.
Conclusion
There are other risks for heart disease, but these are examples of those that can be reduced by making simple changes in the way you live. Can they be eradicated without medication? Sometimes they can. Can they become less of a risk for heart disease without medication? Yes. It certainly is worth making the necessary changes.
CAUTION: The author is not a medical professional, and offers the information in this article for educational purposes only. Please discuss it with your health care provider before relying on it in any way.
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Tags: Chocolate, Disease, Eating, Heart, Reduce, Risk | 
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